Periodontal diseases affect the gums and supporting bone. Dental plaque is the main cause in susceptible patients — daily brushing and flossing prevent many problems.
Risk factors
In addition to plaque, factors such as smoking, diabetes, stress, clenching, certain medications, and nutrition can influence gum health.
How disease progresses
Toxins from plaque bacteria irritate the gums, causing redness, bleeding, and pocketing. Without treatment, supporting bone can be lost and teeth may loosen.
Prevention
Effective home care plus regular exams and cleanings are essential. If disease begins, professional treatment is needed to stop progression. Learn more in our patient education resources and review brushing and flossing on our oral hygiene page.